He also amassed influence in the Middle East and Europe as khagan. The Yuan dynasty came to rule over most of present-day China, Mongolia, Korea, southern Siberia, and other adjacent areas. In 1271, Kublai established the Yuan dynasty and formally claimed orthodox succession from prior Chinese dynasties. If one considers the Mongol Empire at that time as a whole, his realm reached from the Pacific Ocean to the Black Sea, from Siberia to what is now Afghanistan. Kublai's real power was limited to the Yuan Empire, even though as Khagan he still had influence in the Ilkhanate and, to a significantly lesser degree, in the Golden Horde. This episode marked the beginning of the fragmentation of the empire. He had succeeded his older brother Möngke as Khagan in 1260, but had to defeat his younger brother Ariq Böke in the Toluid Civil War lasting until 1264. He was almost 12 when Genghis Khan died in 1227. Kublai was the fourth son of Tolui (his second son with Sorghaghtani Beki) and a grandson of Genghis Khan. ![]() He proclaimed the empire's dynastic name "Great Yuan" in 1271, and ruled Yuan China until his death in 1294. Kublai (23 September 1215 – 18 February 1294), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizu of Yuan and his regnal name Setsen Khan, was the founder of the Yuan dynasty of China and the fifth khagan- emperor of the Mongol Empire from 1260 to 1294, although after the division of the empire this was a nominal position. Emperor Xiantian Shudao Renwen Yiwu Daguang Xiao (憲天述道仁文義武大光孝皇帝) Įmperor Shengde Shengong Wenwu (聖德神功文武皇帝)
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